TURKEY

Turkey is a captivating country with an interesting history, vibrant cities, and beautiful landscapes. Whether you’re exploring the ancient ruins of Ephesus, wandering the busy streets of Istanbul, or relaxing on the beautiful beaches of the Aegean coast, Turkey has a lot to offer.

Landscapes, Historical Sites, and Landmarks

Here are three must-visit landmarks:

1. Hagia Sophia (Istanbul)

Originally a cathedral, then a mosque, and now a museum, Hagia Sophia is an architectural marvel that showcases the rich history of Istanbul. Its stunning dome and intricate mosaics draw millions of visitors each year.

2. Ephesus

Once one of the most important cities in the ancient world, Ephesus is home to well-preserved ruins, including the Library of Celsus and the Great Theatre. Walking through its marble streets offers a glimpse into the past.

3. Pamukkale

Famous for its thermal springs and stunning white travertine terraces, Pamukkale is a natural wonder. Visitors can bathe in the warm, mineral-rich waters while enjoying the breathtaking views.

Major Cities and Beyond

Turkey boasts dynamic cities, but its smaller towns are equally enchanting. Here are three major cities to explore along with three charming smaller towns:

Most Visited Cities

1. Istanbul

As Turkey’s largest city, Istanbul is a cultural and historical hub. Explore iconic sites like the Blue Mosque and the Grand Bazaar, and enjoy the vibrant atmosphere along the Bosphorus. Check out my 2-day itinerary for Istanbul here.

2. Ankara

The capital city, Ankara, is known for its modern architecture and historical sites, including the impressive Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

3. Izmir

This coastal city offers a mix of ancient history and modern living. Izmir’s waterfront promenade is perfect for a leisurely stroll, and it serves as a gateway to nearby attractions like Ephesus.

Charming Small Towns

1. Cappadocia

Renowned for its unique rock formations and cave dwellings, Cappadocia is a mesmerizing destination. Hot air balloon rides at sunrise offer stunning views of the surreal landscape.

2. Sirince

A picturesque village known for its charming streets and local wines, Sirince provides a glimpse into traditional Turkish life and is a delightful spot to sample local cuisine.

Language

The official language of Turkey is Turkish. While many people in tourist areas speak English, learning a few basic Turkish phrases can show respect for the locals. Here are some useful words to get you started:

Hello – Merhaba (MEHR-hah-bah)
Thank you – Teşekkür ederim (teh-shehk-KOOR eh-deh-REEM)
Please – Lütfen (LOOT-fen)
Yes – Evet (EH-vet)
No – Hayır (HAH-yuhr)

Weather and When to Visit

Turkey has a diverse climate, making it a great destination year-round. Here’s a brief overview to help you plan your visit:

Spring (March to May): Mild temperatures and blooming flowers make this an ideal time to explore. Average temperatures range from 50-75°F.
Summer (June to August): Hot weather attracts visitors to the coast, with highs often reaching 85-100°F.
Autumn (September to November): This is a lovely season to visit, with cooler temperatures and fewer crowds. Expect temperatures between 61°-75°F.
Winter (December to February): Although temperatures can drop to around 30°F in some areas, winter offers opportunities for skiing in regions like Uludağ and visiting beautiful winter markets.

Transportation

Cities like Istanbul have extensive public transport networks, including buses, trams, and ferries. Purchasing an Istanbulkart can simplify travel within the city.

Turkish Cuisine

I love Turkish cuisine and its wide range of flavors! Some favorites are kebabs, mezes, and baklava. Don’t miss the chance to try traditional Turkish tea.

Festivals and Events

Turkey hosts various festivals and here are three of the most popular:

Istanbul Film Festival: Held every April, this festival showcases international and Turkish films, attracting cinephiles from around the world.
Ramadan: While not a festival in the traditional sense, the month of Ramadan is observed with special meals and community gatherings, especially for iftar (the evening meal to break the fast).
Cappadocia Balloon Festival: This event takes place in July, featuring hot air balloons against the backdrop of Cappadocia.

Essential Tips

Tipping: Leaving a tip of around 10% is customary in restaurants and cafes.

Travel Documents: Carry an extra copy of your passport and leave a copy at home, just in case it gets lost or stolen.

Universal Travel Adapter: Turkey uses Type C and F outlets with a standard voltage of 230V.

Currency Tips: While credit cards are widely accepted, it’s a good idea to carry some cash in Turkish Lira for small purchases. Use ATMs connected to banks to avoid high fees, and always select to receive your funds in Lira to prevent extra exchange costs.

Local Apps: Consider downloading local apps for transportation and translation to help navigate your travels more easily.
- BiTaksi: This app is similar to Uber and allows you to easily book taxis in major cities like Istanbul. It provides real-time tracking, fare estimation, and the option to pay through the app, making transportation hassle-free.
- Yemeksepeti: This popular food delivery app lets you order from a wide range of local restaurants. It’s great for trying different Turkish cuisines, especially if you’re in a city and want to enjoy a meal in the comfort of your accommodation.